Global24

## House Budget Committee Passes "No Tax" Bill: Key Details The House Budget Committee narrowly advanced a major Republican tax and spending bill—often referred to as the "No Tax" or "Big Beautiful Bill"—in a late-night vote on May 18, 2025. The measure passed by a 17-16 margin, with all Democrats opposed and several Republican hardliners allowing it to proceed by voting "present" after days of internal negotiation. ### Major Tax Provisions - **Permanent Extension of 2017 Tax Cuts:** The bill seeks to make permanent the individual and business tax cuts enacted in the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), which were set to expire in 2025. - **No Tax on Tips:** A signature provision eliminates federal income tax on tips, fulfilling a high-profile campaign promise by President Trump. This would primarily benefit workers in service industries who receive tips, though most of the benefit would accrue to those with higher tipped incomes. - **No Tax on Overtime:** The bill exempts overtime pay from federal income tax, though relatively few workers regularly earn overtime pay. - **Auto Loan Interest Deduction:** Interest on loans for American-made passenger vehicles would become tax-deductible, even for those who do not itemize deductions. ### Spending and Deficit Impact - **Spending Cuts and Program Reforms:** The bill includes significant spending reductions and reforms to federal programs, with particular controversy over proposed Medicaid cuts and the removal of green energy tax incentives. - **Projected Deficit Increase:** Nonpartisan analysts estimate the legislation would increase the national debt by \$3 trillion to \$5 trillion over the next decade, despite some deficit-reducing measures. The Joint Committee on Taxation projects the tax provisions alone could cost over \$5 trillion through 2034. ### Political Context and Next Steps - **Republican Divisions:** The bill's passage in committee followed intense negotiations among Republicans, with some conservatives demanding deeper spending cuts and others concerned about reductions to social programs. - **House Vote Pending:** The measure now heads to the full House of Representatives, where further amendments and debate are expected later this week. ### Winners and Losers | Group | Impact | | :-- | :-- | | High-income earners | Receive most of the tax savings, especially from permanent TCJA cuts | | Tipped workers | Benefit from "No Tax on Tips" provision, though many earn too little to owe tax | | Overtime workers | Overtime pay becomes tax-free, but relatively few workers regularly qualify | | Car buyers | Can deduct interest on loans for American-made vehicles | | Low-income/Medicaid recipients | Face potential program cuts; long-term effects may be negative due to higher deficits | | Federal budget | National debt projected to rise significantly, raising concerns about fiscal stability | ### Summary The House Budget Committee's passage of the "No Tax" bill marks a significant step for President Trump's tax agenda, with its centerpiece being the permanent extension of 2017 tax cuts and new targeted breaks such as eliminating taxes on tips and overtime. However, the bill faces criticism for its projected impact on deficits and social programs, and further debate is expected as it moves to the House floor.🔥60

Author: 环球焦点
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Indep. Analysis based on open media fromnews.

美國時間2025年5月19日,美國眾議院預算委員會通過了由總統川普提出的重大稅改法案,這一舉措立即在社群平台X上引發了廣泛討論。支持者認為這是美國稅制長久以來最應該推動的改革,批評者則質疑其可行性與長遠影響。

法案內容與立法過程

這項法案旨在延長川普於2017年任內推動的稅收減免措施,並新增多項減稅條款,包括取消小費及部分加班收入的稅收,並為65歲以上長者提供每人4,000美元的額外扣除額。此外,法案還提出削減醫療補助(Medicaid)、糧食補助與清潔能源投資等支出,以平衡龐大的減稅規模。

法案的推進過程一波三折。上週五,因共和黨內部對於醫療補助削減及綠能稅收優惠取消意見分歧,導致法案一度受阻。然而,在週日晚間的罕見會議中,四名強硬派共和黨議員選擇投下「棄權票」,使法案以17票對16票的些微差距通過,所有民主黨議員則一致反對。

支持與反對聲音

支持者觀點:

  • 支持者,包括川普及眾議院議長強森(Mike Johnson),強調這項法案將為美國家庭和企業帶來急需的稅收減免,刺激經濟成長,並兌現川普競選期間「取消小費稅」等承諾。
  • 部分共和黨保守派則認為,雖然法案尚有不足,但已朝著控制政府支出與減稅的方向邁進。

批評者觀點:

  • 民主黨議員與非黨派分析師則警告,若法案最終通過,未來十年美國國債將增加3兆至5兆美元,進一步加重目前已高達36.2兆美元的國家債務。
  • 穆迪(Moody’s)已因美國債務快速攀升,於上週下調美國信用評等,並指出債務占GDP比重預計到2035年將達134%。
  • 民主黨人批評,法案將使860萬低收入民眾失去醫療補助資格,並對社會安全網造成嚴重衝擊。

未來展望與社會反響

法案雖已通過預算委員會,但在眾議院全院及參議院仍面臨重大挑戰。共和黨內部部分強硬派要求進一步削減支出,民主黨則堅決反對。若未做出重大修正,參議院通過的機率甚低。

社群平台X上,支持者稱這是「美國稅制的歷史性時刻」,認為減稅將釋放經濟活力;反對者則批評這是「對富人有利的短視政策」,將加劇財政赤字與社會不平等。

預計本週內,眾議院將就此法案進行全院表決,屆時勢必再度成為美國政壇與社會輿論的焦點。